Sinai is representative of the bondage of the law in contrast to the Jerusalem above which is free. Josephus describes Mt. Sinai may have been there too. Mount Zion, in the south, is much drier. Strictly speaking, Mount Sinai is not the place of lawgiving. Moses would then put the veil back over his face until the next time he went in to speak with Him). The Jewish idea of freedom is best summarized by that very famous expression -- "Praise the servants of God who are not servants of Pharaoh." And the Torah is considered a direct dictation, which is why the Five Book of Moses have a unique position among all holy books of the Jewish people and a unique authority in the Jewish world. One of the first works to present a synopsis of the separate sources in English is William Edward Addis, The Documents of the Hexateuch (London: Nutt; New York: Putnam, 1893–1898). At God’s summons, Moses ascends the mountain, where he is instructed to offer a covenant to the Israelite people. It is significant that the feast of Pentecost would be observed fifty days after Passover and that it was fifty days after the death of Christ that the Spirit was poured out upon the apostles at the Feast of Pentecost. The story of the survival of the Jewish people is going to be to a large extent the story of what's called shalshelet hakabala -- the transmission process of Torah from one generation to the next. 1, pp. In all our dealings with God, our comfort comes from our being known by Him, not by our knowing Him first. God. Merging the several stories of the giving of the law into one was a major component of this endeavor. “For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life. W. Boyd Barrick and John R. Spencer (Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1984), pp. Source criticism theorizes that the separate documents were combined by redactors, scribes whose task was to create a single, continuous Torah from the ones already in existence. That night Moses, at his own initiative, sets down the laws in writing. The laws and statutes, orally presented to them, are written down by Moses in a document called the “Book of the Covenant” (Exodus 24:4, 7). Moses delays his descent long enough to beseech God to forbear, then descends, breaks the tablets, destroys the calf and takes other measures to deal with the crisis (Exodus 32:7–33:23). We may never know when this extremely sophisticated literary process took place. The complete story covers three and a half of the first five books of the Bible, known as the Torah, a full 60 percent of the 187 chapters. Very informative. E, or the Elohistic source, is so named because it insists that God was known as Elohim until the tetragrammaton was revealed to Moses (Exodus 3:15). One of the first things he is told is that the Tabernacle will serve as a place where God will meet him to impart his laws, so that he can transmit them to the Israelites (Exodus 25:22). (9) So Moses and Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and seventy elders of Israel ascended, (10) and they saw the God of Israel. E The other conjectures that as God instructed Moses atop Mount Sinai, Moses absorbed some of the divine sparks that emanated from God’s mouth (Tanhuma, Ki Tissa, no. Christianity is purely a religious belief. In fact, some would argue, a collection consisting of four impressionistic paintings and one collage is actually a better record of an encounter with the ineffable than a single, one-dimensional photograph.[14]. Yet this is Moses’ eighth descent from the mountain, following his eighth meeting with God. Ras es-Safsaf is the NW peak (6,540 ft.) of a ridge which has Jebel Musa as its highest peak (7,363 ft.) two and a half m. to the SE. The basic chain of events in D, then, is the same as in E, including the making of the golden calf (Deuteronomy 9:16), Moses’ prayer of intercession (Deuteronomy 9:26–29) and the receipt, smashing and replacement of the tablets (Deuteronomy 9:11, 17, 10:3–4). The cloud covered the mountaintop, so nothing was seen but thunderbolts. The source-critical theory of the composition of the Torah, also known as the documentary hypothesis, is a modern attempt to answer these questions. It is the picture of great tenderness and strength on God’s part, and total dependence on man’s part. Your Judaism. [1] The Ten Words are not the laws themselves, but rather a sampling of divine pronouncements, offered so that the people may hear the divine voice speak to a prophet (Exodus 19:9–20:14).[2]. The biblical version, however, is much less familiar, even to many devoted readers of the Hebrew Bible—perhaps because it is much more difficult to follow. [15] The translation is based on that found in: Tanakh—The Holy Scriptures, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1985; I have deviated from it when necessary. For you have died, and your life is hidden with Christ in God. What part does the law play in the life of the Christian? (12) The LORD said to Moses, “Come up to Me on the mountain and remain there, and I will give you the stone tablets with the teaching and commandments which I have written to instruct them.” (13) So Moses and his attendant Joshua arose, and Moses ascended the mountain of God. Cite this page: Editor: Stephen Smith. And he gave to Moses, when he had finished speaking with him on Mount Sinai, the two tablets of the testimony, tablets of stone, written with the finger of God. However, this mention of Sinai could refer to the wilderness of Sinai rather than the mountain. (17) Moses led the people out of the camp toward God, and they positioned themselves at the foot of the mountain. See Victor Hurowitz, “P—Understanding the Priestly Source,” BR 12:03; Moshe Weinfeld, “Deuteronomy’s Theological Revolution,” BR 12:01. They have forsaken the Lord, they have despised the Holy One of Israel, they are utterly estranged. 1; III. Judaism 101 Sign up to our Aish Weekly Update Jewsletter. But Nadab and Abihu died before the Lord when they offered unauthorized fire before the Lord in the wilderness of Sinai, and they had no children. “So whatever you wish that others would do to you, do also to them, for this is the Law and the Prophets. (16) The Majesty of the LORD abode on Mount Sinai, and the cloud hid it for six days. ‣ (3) [10] To imagine how the redactors worked, we should start by recognizing that they assumed all their sources to be “true.” As far as they were concerned, all the events took place, and all the laws were given by God. Now therefore, if you will indeed obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my treasured possession among all peoples, for all the earth is mine; ... Now Moses was keeping the flock of his father-in-law, Jethro, the priest of Midian, and he led his flock to the west side of the wilderness and came to Horeb, the mountain of God. September 1, 2012 6:45 PM, (8) You have Aaron and Hur with you; let anyone who as a legal matter approach them.” (15) Moses ascended the mountain; the cloud covered the mountain. Nothing indicates how long this takes; presumably, if the Decalogue was pronounced in the morning, this private audience occupies the remainder of the day. (10) The LORD said to Moses, “Go to the people and have them remain pure today and tomorrow, and have them wash their clothes. There the account of these events (as everything else in Israel’s history) is contained in Moses’ farewell speech to the Israelites. They agreed to live in obedience to His good and holy will, to be consecrated to Him, and to be His people. As for this Moses, the man who brought us up out of the land of Egypt, we do not know what has become of him.” So Aaron said to them, “Take off the rings of gold that are in the ears of your wives, your sons, and your daughters, and bring them to me.” So all the people took off the rings of gold that were in their ears and brought them to Aaron. They set out from Rephidim and came into the wilderness of Sinai, and they encamped in the wilderness. It was a long process. Then, his life’s mission accomplished, Moses dies (Deuteronomy 29–31, 34). 1. Please sign me up for Aish.com's free email updates. 100 Bible Verses about Mount Sinai Deuteronomy 33:2 ESV / 71 helpful votes Helpful Not Helpful He said, “The Lord came from Sinai and dawned from Seir upon us; he shone forth from Mount Paran; he came from the ten thousands of holy ones, with flaming fire at his right hand. Moses was there with the LORD forty days and forty nights without eating bread or drinking water. There is also the fact that Rephidim is associated with Meribah and the two together are associated with Mt. iyke, Moses commits them to writing twice; God inscribes two sets of tablets. The sudden shifts, doublets, contradictions and internal tensions act as signposts, alerting the reader that he may have left one document behind and shifted to another.

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