Clifford, James, and George E. Marcus, eds. Springfield, Ill., 1974. In the fields of literature, theater, and film, the term is used to describe formal devices by which cultural artifacts call attention to their own production. In A Crack in the Mirror: Reflexive Perspectives in Anthropology, edited by Jay Ruby, pp. Selfhood, mind, and agency are constituted through the human capacity to reflexively make an object of oneself. GORDON MARSHALL "reflexivity Natanson, Maurice. The embedded and entwined features of reflexive turns are topics of social scientific inquiry. Encyclopedia.com. This stunning and comprehensive study of paradox is especially important for illuminating both the reflexive self-reference of paradoxes and the paradoxical nature of self-referential operations. Fisher, Michael M. J., and George E. Marcus, eds. Kripal, Jeffrey John. A Dictionary of Sociology. Turner, Victor. (October 16, 2020). Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1998. SEE ALSO Anthropology; Ethnography; Ethnology and Folklore; Observation, Participant; Primitivism. 2005. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986. reflecting back on oneself). ." Witchcraft, Oracles, and Magic among the Azande. "Solipsism and Sociality." Retrieved October 16, 2020 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/reflexivity. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. The Life of the Mind, vol. Unsurprisingly, social scientists vary in their enthusiasm for taking the reflexive turn and exposing themselves to these (and other) problems. Economics, Language, and Assumptions: How Theories Can Become Self-Fulfilling. International Journal of Philosophical Studies 11 (Sept. 2003): 319–340. A Dictionary of Sociology. Tuhami: Portrait of a Moroccan. Antioch Review 8: 193-210. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/reflexivity, Levi, Heather "Reflexivity In Western philosophy, reflexivity has been recognized at least since Socrates as an inevitable if not always welcome companion of thought. In the early twentieth century, reflexivity (also known as self-reflexivity, metaliterature, or metatheater) was particularly associated with experimental attempts to undermine the realist conventions of mainstream productions by inserting films (or film production) within films, having literary characters address their readers, and so on. Washington, D.C., 1982. and its Licensors 16 Oct. 2020 . Philadelphia, 1984. The problem of possibility and implications of self-awareness is as old as philosophy. These concerns were articulated in two publications of the period, Dell Hymes's collection Reinventing Anthropology in the United States and Talal Asad's Anthropology and the Colonial Encounter in Britain. 16 Oct. 2020 . Reflexive turns are not mere adjuncts to social life: They make it possible and increasingly comprise its very fabric. As Robert Nozick has recently pointed out, reflexive self-knowledge is a basic phenomenon without which neither cognition nor communication is possible, and it is pointless to argue which comes first (1981, p. 82). . While Peirce asserts that reflexivity is perforce semiotic, subsequent semioticians, linguists, and philosophers have argued that all systems of signification are inherently and necessarily reflexive. London: Sage. An especially important discussion of the African use of mirrors and a speculation on the ritual and symbolic significance of this magical object cross-culturally. This edition of Mead's lectures presents the outlines of his system of social psychology and his classic formulation of the self as reflexive, as a social construct. Giddings, Franklin H. Evans-Pritchard, E. E. 1937. The communication of the highest truths and the most sacred order of things is invariably accompanied by the subversive self-commentary of aporiae (liminal disorder in such diverse forms as Ndembu monsters, Sinhala demons, Zen koan s, Pueblo clowns, Midrash tales, and Christ's parables). Mundane Reason: Reality in Everyday and Sociological Discourse. He attended school in that city and then studied a…, Pitirim Alexandrovich Sorokin was born in humble circumstances in the rural north of Russia in 1889. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. Levi, Heather "Reflexivity In addition to being a topic for social science, reflexive turns are also challenges to social science. Amherst, N.Y.: Prometheus Books, 1973. Such critique adopts an approach that tries to show that the theory presented in a text itself reflexively denies the possibility of the theory. . Bourdieu, Pierre. This has been particularly important in the work of "halfie" anthropologists—anthropologists working in communities in which they have ambivalent claims of membership (or at least commonality). are instances of plural reflexivity because they are self-critiques and reflections upon, rather than simply reflections of, the structures and strictures of the everyday world. Moroccan Dialogues: Anthropology in Question. In the words of Barbara Myerhoff and Jay Ruby, two of its advocates, reflexivity "describes the capacity of any system of signification to turn back on itself, to make itself its own object by referring to itself" (p. 2). For example, Elster points out that reflexivity cannot be understood without taking into account the fact that it draws on background configurations (e.g., shared meanings, as well as past social engagement and lived experiences of the social world) to be operative. British Journal of Sociology 54 (June 2003): 221–239. At minimum, this consisted of the convention of introducing ethnographic works with brief biographical statements, designed to lay out the ethnographer's personal history and stakes in his or her problem or subject. In his work, reflexivity is understood as a strategic agenda, that of utilizing the tools of the discipline in order to demystify sociology as a power saturated social practice. New York, 1973. core definition.

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