The area is a major hub of Northern California's black community, with over 50% of East Oakland's inhabitants being black. [30] However, due to rising costs in medical care in recent decades, the California Health Interview Survey observed that 48.5% of adults age 60+ let go of their insurance coverage. [31], Amongst Hispanics, nearly 74% were enrolled in government health insurance, such as Medi-Cal and Healthy Families. That same time saw a decline in the African American population between 17 and 31 percent. [4] A census on overcrowding showed an increase from 17 to 27 percent because of the new people who moved there. Scope: population of California and Oakland -10% 0% +10% % ref. endobj [10] Between 1990 and 2000 both the white and black population of East Oakland saw a decrease in their populations by 24% and 16% respectively. [34] As time went on, supermarkets and other businesses saw East Oakland as an “undesirable place for residential and commercial investment” so few new stores opened up in place of the ones that left. Fairfax District, a distinct business district centered on the intersection of Fairfax Avenue and Foothill Boulevard. White 1 Hispanic 2 Black Asian Mixed 1 Other 1 -11.0% Amongst all ER visits, Blacks and Hispanics had the most frequent visits in 2011, with four times more visits compared to whites and Asian/Pacific Islanders. African Americans and Whites typically average 67–68 years within Oakland, while Asians live nearly 78 years. With the changes in state funding to housing and the movement of impoverished groups in the 1930s, East Oakland became an area where poorer people lived which also resulted in a major loss of industry as businesses and markets started to close down and relocate to more financially sustainable areas. Located near the Oakland International Airport. The vintage year (e.g., V2019) refers to the final year of the series (2010 thru 2019). x��[[o�ȱ~7���� ����7^��f=����&3Av���h�g$�+�6�_����)�$'�m���U_]�YL�~I~���/7�>$��u�㇛��������y�m����.y8?cR&9�+��s�H��ꌳd�>?���n��J>l����%��IoA��,�T��&c2��x���-��$� m!xV����5���&��X krQ LgeU o�*��4����~d�}V��;@QK�e�-3Q%_�"��x�৬e�]����O�g����h�)�g}Z�v)��!��E�?��3���6�T��mVx�K/��>�����5e�l�^��m [1], East Oakland stretches between Lake Merritt in the northwest and San Leandro in the southeast. <> It is known within the hip hop community as "Oaktown", "O-Town," (old school names) or currently, "The Town". Latinos make up 38% of the population of East Oakland. in 1996 within the city of Oakland only), MacArthur Blvd., Foothill Blvd., Bancroft Avenue, and San Leandro Street (being the main one for commercial vehicles). Both Foothill Boulevard and MacArthur Boulevard, which run through the heart of East Oakland, were a part of the Lincoln Highway, the first transcontinental highway, from 1913 until 1927.[6]. The sound of the music was different from East Coast hip hop, which is known for its technique of sampling and looping to create a song. [11] The Foothill Square neighborhood in East Oakland, located off of MacArthur Blvd., has the highest concentration of African American residents of any Oakland neighborhood, at 75.4%. [8] The mayor at the time, Lionel Wilson, who was the first African American mayor, elected the year prior in 1977, combatted the regulation on property taxes by using many public resources to create investment in downtown Oakland which increased the cost of living in the city and pushed more poor and marginalized populations to surrounding areas such as East Oakland. Hip hop culture is associated with East Oakland. [4], In 1969 the Economic Development Administration (EDA) declared that they would no longer fund large businesses or facilities but rather focus on creating jobs for the unemployed and poor, which in Oakland meant the ethnic minorities. There is also a diverse Asian population, including Chinese, Vietnamese, Lao, and other southeast Asian ethnic groups generally inhabit the area of East Oakland closest to downtown, from Chinatown east to San Antonio. [4] With the redistribution of living, this area, known as Brooklyn (until it was also annexed by the city in 1909) became the backbone of Oakland's African American community and caused an exodus of more prosperous whites to suburbs south and east of the city, such as San Leandro, Hayward and Walnut Creek. QuickFacts data are derived from: Population Estimates, American Community Survey, Census of Population and Housing, Current Population Survey, Small Area Health Insurance Estimates, Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, State and County Housing Unit Estimates, County Business Patterns, Nonemployer Statistics, Economic Census, Survey of Business Owners, Building Permits. 161,483. [29] In the elderly population, 98% of older adults within the entire Alameda County have health insurance. Brookfield Village was built during the early 1900s. It later had a home-building boom during World War II in response to the influx of workers needed for the war industries, on land which had been zoned for industrial uses. Those who did not work as servants were hit by the Great Depression in the late 1920s and early 1930s which caused employment to drop by 41 percent in three years. QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more. <> [10] Nonetheless, African Americans predominate in East Oakland, where they represent over 54% of East Oakland's residents. [10], With the increase of the population between 1990 and 2000 the number of households in the area increased by 3.4%. endobj [4] In dominantly African American neighborhoods, such as Central East Oakland, between 40-70% of the population were without high school diplomas. Similar patterns are also prevalent in children ages 0–17, with approximately 48% of children diagnosed with obesity, compared to 29% within the state of California. [28], East Oakland ranks amongst the lowest communities to provide healthcare coverage to adults and children. Chevrolet opened an auto assembly plant in Elmhurst in 1915, which shut down in the 1960s. [4], Fruitvale has become the backbone of Oakland's Latino community, in which East Oakland had a rapid increase of 132% of Latinos between 1990 and 2000. Today, mainstream hip-hop continues to lyrically and musically incorporate much of what was pioneered in East Oakland. The prostitution, violence and drug culture of the region spawned a new subgenre of hip hop by the late 1980s. Click the Quick Info  icon to the left of each row in TABLE view to learn about sampling error. The majority of the new immigrants were Chicano/Latino who had a growth between 150 and 400 percent in that decade. [25], Adults in East Oakland are more likely to visit emergency rooms than go to doctor's visits within the past year than many other counties in the Bay Area and in the entire state of California. All these were annexed by the city of Oakland after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The Latino population had 50-70% without high school diplomas and 5% with college degrees. [23] Amongst older adults, due to increases in disabilities (accounting for 42% of disabilities), there is a greater onset of chronic diseases, accounting for 64% of deaths primarily in cancer, heart diseases, Alzheimer's, stroke, and respiratory diseases. In the 1950s and 1960s, many areas of East Oakland still remained predominantly white.

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